TURKISH CINEMA

Towards the end of the 19th Century, a few years in Paris after the first Kinematograph demonstrations were presented to the audience, came the cinema in Turkey. The in 1914 by Fuat Uzkınay twisted documentary, entitled "The decline of the Russian giant in San Stefanos" will be the first Turkish film to be considered. Among the first films can be considered as the second began in 1914 and ended in 1919 film "The Wedding of Himmet Agas "be counted. During this period, in addition to news films about the First World War, also addressed films. With the founding of the first film production company in 1922 and the takeover of the activity was director of theater artists Muhsin Ertuğrul with its productions until the year 1950 one of the most important names of the Turkish cinema. He took on this task during his entire career artists and turned to the thirty films. Among them are the most important in 1923 film "shirt of fire", the liberation war theme and the first Turkish female actress a role source, the first shall designate Turkish film "Streets of Istanbul" (1931) and the film "A people awakes from the year 1932. In the productions of the one-two films per year rotating director played the influence of the theatre an important role.

From the influence of the theatre was the only film in the 1950s and solve their own language film. As one of the first directors of this stage can be described Lütfü Akad. Against the 1960s, the number of films produced per year to sixty. With the start of this years directors such as Metin Erksan, Halit Refiğ, Ertem Göreç, Duygu Sağıroğlu, Nevzat Pesen and Memduh Ün especially gesellschaftsrelevante topics related to highly successful films. In the period towards the end of the 1960s beginning, television influenced the cinema in increasingly negative way. Among the directors of this phase include Yılmaz Güney, Süreyya Duru, Zeki Ökten, Şerif Gören, Fevzi Tuna, and Kavur Ömer Ali Özgentürk, mainly social and economic topics treated. In the 1980s, the relationship between cinema and develop state and the Turkish cinema began attracted international attention to. Topics such as society, psychology and women's rights were to the fore. In the 1990s, joined the film in a period in which although fewer, but qualitativere productions have been carried out. The beginning of the lessons of the cinematographic art at the universities, training conscious directors and actors as well as support from the state were reasons for this development. Other factors may include the competition with television and the international success of the films mentioned.

With the spread of the cinema film also have the demonstration salons increased. Cinemas with large and aesthetic salons came to light, so-called "summer cinemas have been very popular. In the 1970s there was a reduction in the cinemas, was mainly on the popularity of television and video materials. Due to the small number of Turkish films, are mainly European or Hollywood films. With the support of the state and the fund (Association of European cinema) was an increase in Turkish-foreign co-productions and anzahlmäßigen increase in the cinemas. Equally influenced this course also support the development of Turkish cinema and its Changes.