THE LAND OF DADAS-ERZURUM

(dadaş = dial. Brother, strong young man, salutation in the eastern)

Erzurum is not only home to the heroes, but also the legends, heroes songs, folk songs, dances. The racket with a drum Erzurum barı [folk dance in the East] to sing songs of the heroes with the strong voice of the dadaş adorns the centuries-long history Erzurums with legends and stories.
Your story is the part of honour
Your Seljuk of the Arrow, his Morgenstern, his arch
Ancestor, you founded the first congress
Erzurum, you the secret of the hero courage know ...
[The third row is an allusion to the Congress of Erzurum at the beginning of the liberation war] Thus saith the poet.
In the old writings is Erzurum as "Erzenelrûm". After a unverbürgten news is the residents of the western city of Siirt is ores during the Seljuk time in a small town on the site of today's Erzurum relocated. The newcomers have the small town of the names of their own city. But, so that the two ores not confounded, called this place "Erzenel-Rûm", which means Erzenel in Anatolia, the other against "Amid Erzen'ül" what ores in the country of copper.
Another interpretation is that this place because of the height and strength of the city walls, "Elzenel-rûm", which is the highest place meant Anatolia.
So much for the name of Erzurum. The historian noted that the city of Erzurum, initially as the old town Karin, now says it Karaz, founded, then to its current location Erzurums relocated. At the time of the Byzantine Empire was called the city "Teodosyopolis", which means city of Teodos.
The city on the Turkish History of the amount of looks
Erzurum is a peak point in Anatolia. She looks at the Turkish history, on the Turkish land from a height of 1945 meters. Through the breach caused by the victory of Malazgirt beaten had been penetrated our forefathers in their new home, one of the first major cities, they conquered, was Erzurum. The Seldschuktürken continued their flag on the fortress of Erzurum as a sign of its domination over East.
The historians write that Erzurum in the years around 1080 by Emir Ahmet, one of the Commander of the Seldschukischen Sultan Melikşah, has been conquered.
So we report the historians, but on the other hand, sings the man over the centuries traditional song of the conquest and the name Erzurums unemployed veterans, decorates the conquest with these stories:
When the Turks against the fortress of Erzurum came, they for a moment the reins of their horses, wondering look at the fortress. A so solid and so on a high and steep mountain fortress built, they had not yet seen.:
-- This fortress is not with sword and shield are taking, they say. Ensure their even to approach, is außerhald of the assets of those stretching. But you still must find a way, the fortress Erzurum has conquered its towers on the Turkish flag.
First, the Turks besiege the fortress from all sides. From this siege is a battle of a few weeks. They are prisoners, even their own comrades are captured. Then, one evening when it gets dark, send ambassadors to the governor of the fortress, saying:
-- We let the siege. We go immediately. We have forty prisoners in our hands. We understand. We hand out the prisoners, let her also to our free.
This message is pleased the fortress trapped in the Byzantines. As soon dissolve the chains of Turkish prisoners and bring them before the Festungstor. And the Turks, they choose forty heroes, disguise them as prisoners, and bring them in the darkness confusing to the fortress. At the moment, as the Byzantines them open the door, when all hell breaks loose. The Forty heroes in prison clothes, become just as lions, they zücken the hidden swords and throwing on the fortified guard. Between two Wimpernzucken is the Festungstor taken in the other brave men who wait to have to use the surprise moment and penetrate into the city. After blowing few hours on the highest tower of the fortress Erzurum the Turkish flag.
Today, in the south of the fortress Erzurum a clock tower and the tower before this modest structure, whose known as the "tomb of the Forty" does. When the tomb was built, nobody knows, but we believe it's in his first forty inside the conqueror Erzurums buried. As in a "Tomb of the Unknown Soldier," nameless heroes ...
In Erzurum, there are numerous monuments and masterpieces of architecture from seldschukkischer time. One of them is the "Hatuniye Medresi" [medres = Islamic Hochscule, theology and jurisprudence were taught], which is "compatible with the Doppelminaret", and none of them provides enough admire. This structure was Hatun Hunt, the daughter of the Sultan Alaeddin Seldschukischen Keykubat in 1253 to build. Since then, seven hundred years have passed and this masterpiece of architecture is to bodies in ruins, the great gate, a selected sample of Art Steinmetz is lifted from the fishing, the two minarets that are on both sides of the Torens collect, half zusammengeztürzt.
The story of Doppelminaret
If you look at the minarets off a little distance chart, you see that they do not resemble each other that they worked differently.
The old mother Erzurums you to tell this story:
A master and his apprentice started to Doppelminarette to build. The champion started on a minaret, the apprentice at the other. As the days passed, it also grew the minarets. But it was the minaret, the apprentice built beautiful looking than the master. The master ies probably noticed, but his pride allowed him not only with this one word to say. The apprentice, however, believed he had surpassed his master. He declined an ungebührlichem pride and felt great.
It was a hot summer's day. Master and apprentice mauerten to bet on the minarets. Since, the apprentice is no longer, he wiped the sweat from his forehead and called for his master who worked on the other minaret:
-- Master, bring me water!
When the master heard this, he was the trowel out of hand. His pride was hurt, his heart was broken, he had tears in their eyes undsprach:
War champion, was apprentice,
Have you down into the deep!
As he cast in the same moment in the depths. As they saw the apprentice, he understood his guilt and was sad. He threw the trowel away and said:
War but won champion apprentice chat,
What are you waiting for, take you down!
And also threw down six. All Both died on the spot.
See, however, the minarets are only half done. Since that day, they are not completed.
In Erzurum every monument tells you its history, every stone its forecast. If this silent, sing the songs a Aşık Sümmanî, a Emrah. The flowing water, the mountains lend their voice to the strings of Saz. So sings Aşık Veysel Şatıroğlu:
I asked Erzurums mountain Dumludağı,
Why do the tears from my eyes ...
The Palandöken they call my suffering companions
Why do the tears from my eyes ...
I am the Palandöken Mountain, I also veteran,
Returns with a spring that I describe my sorrow ...
I'm playing and crying, I'm the People singer Saz,
Without discount the tears flowing from my eyes ...
And it brings so to speak ...
Enough who understands their suffering, give them a feather ...

THE SNOW WHITE ANATOLIA-DENIZLI

The eastern part of the Aegean region, the West Inneranatoliens is a vast hilly area. This is a field in all shades of green angestrichene city, which they Denizli. Previously called "Ladik". This name came from the 6 km north-lying city Laodikya Romans, whose ruins we see today.
Our historians tell us the name come from the Denizli Türkmenischen clan Tonguzlu, who during the Seljuk time a city founded, the name was Tonguzlu with time Tonuzlu and later to Denizli. The large Turkish geographer, Katip Çelebi adds the name of Denizli was because of the large crowd and the wealth of water have been [deniz = Sea].
The name of the city is also forecast in the light of the appeal to a different meaning. The levels and pastures Denizlis were once a anatolisches inland sea. On the shores of this sea was once the hut of a poor fisherman, is an elderly mother lived with their young and inexperienced son. The boy went to fish Fang, but the mother looked at him from their hut, until his return had its poor heart never rest. On one day in winter, the boy return to its networks, rose in his boat and went to fish Fang ... No sooner had he stored, a cracking, a thundering. The mountains raged, the sky had opened its sluices. It was such a storm that the tiny fishing boat with the headlong capsized. So it happened, the boy was gone ... With the pain of their son in the heart of the proposed elderly mother on his knees and complained their suffering:
About you stone and mountain
Under fire you
So you seiest sea ...
Between rocks herabgestürzten
Lead the sea ...
Your heart should suffer like mine
May you smoke, should boil your water ...
The suffering of a mother ... And as it happens. The huge sea disfiguration in the depths of the earth. Under his fire on stone him ... At various points to start bubbling hot springs, it starts to steam. And the city was founded here, therefore, called it "Denizli.
Today in the West Denizlis, Bachtal "Kızıldere from 300 meters hervorschießende water vapor is intended as herzerweichend the action as a mother. The same can also be of the spas and hot springs in the area say ... The most beautiful but this is Pamukkale.
The town of Pamukkale was formerly known the name of Hierapolis, which means holy city. It is located 21 km north of Denizli, on the slopes of the mountains Çökelez. From these mountains seeps hot mineral water, the limestone in it shall be resolved on the travertine what the rocks white colours. As a bride in white, like a Snow White! It alleviates the infirmity, beautifies beautiful, this water. And it has a history, we can not continue without having to tell.
The story of the daughter of the wood-cutter
Once upon a time, lived here as a poor woodcutter who had an ugly daughter. The poor girl took the poverty is not so much to heart, but ashamed of its very ugliness. When they reached the age heiratsfähige, reported not a single Free. The poor girl said:
-- That is too many. Better than to live it, not to live!
One morning they rose early on the mountain and Çökelez was down the slope.
On that morning was the son of the Prince of Denizli to go hunting. His path led here. He looked down from the mountain and what he sees? In a pond, from the mountain hinuntersickernden hot water gebiltet worde, the corpse of a girl as beautiful as a piece of the moon. He ran down, took the girl in his arms and listened to her heart. It is unconscious, but she lives! He sets out on the back of his horse and rides at Full Gallop to Seraille. The story ends with a forty days and forty nights lasting happy wedding. The happy bride preisende the wedding is the daughter of poor wood-cutter who wanted to take the lives since its ugliness could no longer endure.
The healing waters of Pamukkale fortgetragen had its ugliness and a Snow White's [actually Baumwollprinzessin = pamuk prenses], and a beauty beyond her.
The historians date the founding of the city or Hiera Hierapolis in Pamukkale to 190 BC, and reported that the king Telefos of Misya the city after his beautiful wife Hiera appointed him.
Denizli and the surrounding area was during the conquest of the Turkish Seljuk in hand. In 1147, in which the second crusade began, provided the French King Louis in Kazıklıbel near Denizli Seldschukischen the army and a battle suffered a major defeat. Under the protection of darkness, he could just save his life and flee to Antalya.
The Holy Virgin of Denizli
The heroic deeds of the Turks, who during the Crusades in defending the homeland have done, are in the songs. At the Außeinandersetzungen with the Crusaders, together with the vanguard of the Sultan Mesut d. I., a girl named Fatma Yıldız Hatun from one of the Türkmenischen families Denizlis participated. This girl who rode clever than the most famous heroes, with the arc and shot the sword led Türkmenischen has all the families in turmoil, and to gather with them she joined the army Seldschukischen and proved their great value in the beaten battles . The historians have the name Turkish Jean D'Arc, and Fatma Yıldız Hatun today with all their heroic deeds in the vicinity Denizlis sung. They call it Kız Evliya what Helige young woman or Holy Jungfräuliche.
Denizli was in the last years of the empire Seldschukischen the center of the Principality of Inancoğulları, later it was under the administration of Germiyanoğulları. It was under the name of Denizli Ladik known and was the summer residence of the ruling from Kütahya Germaniyanoğlu Suleiman Shah. As Shah Suleyman 1381 his daughter Devlet Yıldırım Beyazit with Hatun married, he gave Denizli and the surrounding area the Ottomans. So Denizli was under Ottoman rule, developed as a centre of art and culture and adorned with historical buildings.
In Denizli the roses are in a class by itself. This rose, with their fragrance and color of their peculiar for Denizli is called "bahtiyarî" [Happy]. Whoever pulls this rose, at a branch seven times blossoms, the praises you happy.
It is said that Bahtiyar, who once gardeners in the private garden of Fürstens from Denizli, in its gertenschlanke, as a rose gutgewachsene, beautiful daughter verguckt. Even if his desire was not in compliance with the fire of his heart, he has the color of the roses, the flame of his love their Dufte. This will not lose their color, he brought them under careful care day and night, all year to bloom times. Bahtiyar not experienced the fulfillment of his wishes, but this rose Bahtiyar later withdrew, very well. Who this rose in his house and had a son, married, who had a daughter who was a man This faith lives on in the traditional Rose Festival in Denizli, between the girls dance Rosensträußen the Halay [a dance], the men Zeybek .

THE HEROES SONG-CANAKKALE

If you Çanakkale says all immediately think of "Mehmetcik" [actually the small Mehmet, affectionate name for the Turkish soldiers, the Battle of Çanakkale is in Europe as a pit of Gallipoli known], sien eye on the horizon, his finger on the deduction .. .
His name is the epitome of all our martyrs. He is not the "unknown soldier" in Turkish history that his name and his fame are all aware, each honoring him, our sharp prospective heroes, in eight possessions is ...
He is like a piece of imperishable diamond, in every era pure and hard, shiny at any time, from value ...
Çanakkale Mehmetcik is a song written glorious heroes ...
At the beginning of the First World War threaten the Allied Powers Istanbul with its fleet and want the Turkish forces decisive defeat, but they remain at Çanakkale depend. The first setback facing the enemy on 18 March 1915, when many of its ships in the Straits of Çanakkale [at the Dardanelles] sunk. Then he lands on 25 Seddülbahir troops in April and Arıburnu. But Mehmetcik nail the enemy forces, wherever they go ashore. This battle does not end until 3 January 1916 and lasts whole nine months, we will fight day and night. These nine months are one long epic, adorned with many tales of heroic deeds.
As in the night of the 25th April the fierce battle rages, is the units of the coastal defence Conkbayırı at Arıburnu the ammunition. It remains them nothing but the retreat. Since reached the commander of the 19th Division, Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk), Conkbayırı and ask the retreating units:
-- Why flees her?
-- We do not flee, because we expected the ammunition, pull us back. As he receives this answer, he roars like a lion:
-- If you have no more ammunition, so you're still your Bajonette.Ich commands you to the storm and clothing to die.
This sharp command, this valiant reputation dieSoldaten excited. The enemy is the Mehmetcik, the balls no longer have to shoot at the enemy with their bayonets. Instead of even one step forward, he loses more and more ground ...
In Çanakkale is derived from the defence Battle of the Turks and a victory this long battle field goes down in history.
And the enemy must also have its appreciation and admiration tribute.
Why it Çanakkale means:
Originally called the Straits of the Dardanelles Çanakkale. It is said that this name come from the Trojan King Dardanos. As in the Ottoman period of the Fatih Sultan Mehmet recognizes that the Straits Çanakkale her help reach the Byzantinschen role, he in 1452 at the narrowest point of the Straits to build two fortresses. The fortress on the rumelischen the [European] page he calls "Kilit bahir", was key to the sea means that on the Anatolian side he calls "Kale-i Sultaniye" [about: Fortress of the sultan]. In addition to the fortress to the contemporary city Çanakkale. This produces the people of the special clay soils bowl and mugs and will be known within a short time and famous. Therefore, called the city "Çanak kalesi" [çanak: bowl, kale: Fortress, Burg]. Later this name is known as Çanakkale.
At the point where Çanakkale, is the Cape Nara, where thousands of years ago, Abidos stand, and exactly opposite, ie Gallipoli on the page, another town called Sestos. According to legend lived in Sestos a young and beautiful girl named Hero, in the gutassehender, an upright young man in love. But unfortunately the two families, however, that the two lovers unite. The girl and the young man, what should they do, they meet and love each other hiemlich. At night, when the residents of both cities deep sleep, the girl to shore, rising to a high hill and swings a Kienspan what her lover than as a sea. The strong and powerful young man swimming across the Straits and meets with his mistress. That is what happens every night.
One night, the girl again in the hands of Kienspann to shore. The young man sees the light and floats off. At halfway he is a furious storm surprised. The light in the hands of the girl expires. In the pechschwarzen night the young man struggling with the waves, and finally leave him his powers and he drowned. Until the morning waiting for the girl full of concern about the weakening of the storm, but when it is morning, provides for the shore geschwemmte corpse of her lover. It groans and raises them from the rocks into the depths. Both lovers in a single grave, and that is a lighthouse erected.
This forecast, the first Homer, then many poets aufgriffen knows everyone in Çanakkale.
The Trojan horse:
The legend of "Trojan horse" of Troy know you all. The Wooden Horse of Troy The legend of the "Wooden Horse of Troy know you all. The ruins of Troy are the remains of an ancient established in the famous city, near the village of the district Hisarlı Çanakkale. At the time of King Priam, the beautiful son of Priam, Paris, a guest of the king of Sparta, Menelaus. He takes the wife of the king, the beautiful Helen for themselves and they kidnapped one night on a ship to Troy. Immediately thereafter sends the spartische King Menelaus his older brother Agamemnon at the top of a strong army to Troy. The Trojans hide behind their strong Festug. The war between Sparta and Troy uninterrupted takes ten years. It wants to Spartern not succeed, Troy marketplace. Finally sinnen them on a list. They make a huge wooden horse built secretly and fill it with their strongest fighters. In addition, the feet of the horse with wheels. Then they gather around their troops and stand in the lake, as for the home.
As this is the Trojans from their fortified towers of sight, they are beside himself with joy, they go before the city and bring the wooden horse as war booty in the city. In that night festivities are held, each celebrating omitted, drink and caught the horse bring them into the city. In the middle of the night the soldiers seep back and stand in a corner of the city wall. Also since the jump in horse shows and soldiers waiting to throw the guard. At the same time, the flow auflauernden Spartans in the city of Troy. Within a few hours in Troy spartanischer hand.
The poet Homer in his epic tells the Illyade these events in detail and leaves behind a plant for eternity.
Troy is the end of the 19th Deutchen century by archeologists Schliemann discovered and brings the treasures found there out of the country. Today, the ruins of Troy a destination for thousands of tourists. In Troy, once a year festivities held.
As we already said at the beginning, is the true tale of Çanakkale does not have Çanakkale, but through the heroic army of the Turks and their incomparable Commander and was written 56 years before. This song is the hero on the Alçıtepe high aufragende monument to the martyrs Not a word from yesterday to today ... It is unforgettable; An Çanakkale they not over ...

THE STRONG VOICE OF THE KOROGLU-BOLU

To each of the four seasons adorn the Bolu and environment with their own beauty. Among the cities of Anatolia wiest the city in their songs, legends and heroes in their specificity.
Previously, it was the center of the Bolu region Anatolian Bythinien and bore the name of the city or Klaudius Klaudiopolis. Over time, the name of the Klaudius forget remained as a city name or polishing Polis. It was with time Bolu.
After the Battle of Malazgirt in 1071 spread the Seldschuktürken in groups in Anatolia. About talk came after Bolu and besieged by the then Governor Byzantine Bolus, Zavkum defended fortress. Shortly after the fortress fell into the hands of Turkish invaders, the city of Bolu from that day was part of the Anatolian Chen Seldschukischen Empire.
The hero and singers, the mountains of his Namengab
If Bolu, so we have our hero of the songs, Köroğlu [= son of the blind] in the sense. He is the invincible Hald and singer of the mountains bolus as a hero who has conquered the hearts, he lives on the tongues of the people, Bolu has strengthened and enthusiastic. Who was this Köroğlu? Some want him as a singer, who in the 16th Und 17 Century in the mountains bolus lived and the love of the people has acquired, other than a hero, in the Seljuk time the Muslim people against the cruel Byzantine governor bolus protected. The historians may try to decide the important thing is actually the epic side Köroğlus, ie his extraordinary exploits, his openness, his courage, its strength lies in its skills in battle. There is something that Köroğlu from the other heroes of the other songs highlights: He was a singer ... Most heroes from the other songs, the singers are famous. But Köroğlu bear next to the sword in the belt, the sign on the arm, behind him on his horse his saz [stringed instrument of the Turkish folk music]. He wears his own heroic song. Such heroes have not often seen.

It opposes the lords of Bolu, the people depressed, the right of orphans and prevents the right and push aside the oppression to his banner. Fights against him, he turns against his cannons and guns with armed troops. Gathered around him are people who are the oppressive grip of the Prince of Bolu escape. And mothers, sisters, father lots, lonely. This was Köroğlu to sign, he won the love of the people. This love gave him more courage. The revenge, which he wants to take his father, whose eyes without right of princes of Bolu ausgestochen have been, he has collected to the ideal. Not cowardly and treacherous, but openly and courageously. Not from the ambush, but in an open challenge:
Grüsst me the Prince of Bolu,
He should come and climb these mountains.
From Schwirren the arrows of the sound shields
To echo the mountains.
The enemy came, his crowds were in rows,
On our forehead is a black fate written,
The gun was invented, the Mannesmut disappeared.
The sword must Krumm in the vagina corrode.
Vergeht of Köroğlu glory, Leaving most of the war.
The welding of the mold, the blood of the enemy
Should flow and wet my clothes.

He is a heroic singers, with high artistic appreciation manfully his voice against the princes of Bolu rises. He also has a companion: Ayvaz. Of course, like any hero also Köroğlu in love, married, it was a true delight-proppen of a son born ... All this is his hero flowers stories ... Köroğlu is like a monument with this wreath on the main mountain in the Çamlıdağ rejects.

Finally, Köroğlu his revenge on the lords of Bolu, he is blind, has become the Köroğlu he prays for mercy, the people are happy about the salvation of his oppression, the stoves are lit, the cooking pots steam ... The Köroğlu has a throne in the hearts fought, the centuries-long reign there. His male voice is in the Assembly of the heroes sounds, roars into the hero of songs.
The brave man has stood the fig flees,
The battle space bebt of bluster.
The High Shah opened the Council
The quatrain of folk singer erschallen.
When the hero is brüstet,
When the arrows in its orbit in the battle,
If the Streitaxt proposes to the plate,
The Shield schallend erbebt.
From Bolu rises from not only the hero and singer Köroğlu his voice, a whole series of folk singers, among them Aşık Dertli [Aşık = folk singers, Dertli = Betrübter] also lets his voice from the mountains down bolus erschallen in Anatolia. Today, a little behind Bolu, on the road from Ankara to Istanbul, on the mountain Esentepe, a modest anmutiges monument. Here is the grave of Aşık Dertli. It was in 1722 in the village Şahnalar between Bolu and talk born, and even as a child he started Saz in the hand and left his homeland. He too, like the other folk singer suffered auswegslose Betrübnis, suffered from the tribulation of his treulosen treasure, therefore wandered from country to country, finally, he captured the homesick and no longer return to his village and died in 1845. People from talk buried him on the winds of umwehten Esentepe. There he sings at all hours of the day to the most grave past and the coming Dertli Gedenkenden, like a spring breeze linde following song:
They ask after me
My treasure with black eyelashes and straight brows.
Your memory does not leave my lips,
Since we were born we do not laugh, my poor treasure.
If I love the horse besteige, it accepts no race,
Before pain passes me the meaning,
It has long been my gram,
Is her heart to me like a stone.
The Betrübte is in the wretched strangers,
Freely he acquires fame.
My Pasha, so her eye deviates from the path,
Her hands dyed with henna, my weinender treasure.

Bolu is not only the home of the singer, the beauty of nature there have been established around the crowds. The Abant Lake, Seven Lakes [Yedi Göller] is the only jewelry fairies fairy tale. From Bolu Schwazen sea to cover wiete forests and who these forests in the middle of the Seven Lakes has seen, has no eye for other beauties. Or at least coch can imagine nothing better. Up to fifty to sixty-meter-high pine trees, only two, comprises three people can be, between tall trees to tiny aquarium-like seven lakes, each in another of seven colors. Unknown shades of blue, green. In August blows hot one, who knows where and how, a pleasant cool to the body, mind and soul refreshed. From the rock flow and brausend the foamy water, a Labsal for the ears. Here, in the woods Bolus, the Seven Lakes.
Council for the Ratlose, alleviation for the Betrübten, they live federbeschwingt their happiness and share it generously with the people here, on the seven lakes was once home to the good fairy, it is said to the residents of forest villages. Later, the son of the Prince of Bolu on hunting and pursued a white dove. The dove flew from branch to branch, held on and flew it and came to the place where the Seven Lakes. And the princely son behind. It is precisely spans the arc and he wants the arrow down, as it becomes beautiful girls. For the Sten son loses the mind becomes soft in the knees, fingers, the arch span, lose their power. The arrow reaches its destination. The fairy girl at heart taken, oh, a black cloud, a thundering, erbebt the earth, the sky is crying. Shortly afterwards created brausende boiling streams and lakes these mountains. And the fairies, they leave after this sad event this place. The flowing water, bubbling springs, as they say, the life blood of the fairy girl. The sound of water, their howling.
Its history aside, in fact, the Seven Lakes a sight in the lap of Mother Nature.
The Good, the beauty and love are the whispers of Seven Lakes to her ear. True satisfaction, the secrecy discover happiness in this quiet, this colourful corner of our country.

HISTORY AT EVERY TURN-ANTAKYA(HATAY)

To the south is Hatay, where we encounter at every turn of history. Antakya is the preface to this story whose beginning. When the city was founded in Antakya? The history verzeichenen following the founding of the city, for which there are plenty of legends.

After the death of the Macedonian King Alexander the Great wanted the son of Atiokos, one of his splendid generals, wanted to establish a state Selefkos and came to the area in Hatay, a suitable place for the capital of this state. It was beautiful everywhere, and when he simply could not decide, he prayed to the head of the gods Zeus and asked for a miracle as a sign of the location of the city. Just as he darbrachte the victim and wanted in the temple, an eagle fell from heaven, took a piece of the victim and let it prostrate on the sea shore. The eagle came again, this time he took the rest of the major victims in its endeavour, is lifted to the sky and brought it to the slopes of Mount Silpio after Orante, ie on the left bank of the river with the current name "Asi." Selefkos decreed that the eagle of Zeus had been sent and decided to begin the sea at a port, then on the left bank of the river Asi his Hauptsatadt to build and a little later, the completed construction of the city. In the year 300 BC, the city was solemnly opened the nation. Selefkos called this city in memory of his father Antiohia, which over time Antakya.

The city of Antakya grew me of the time, took a good development and has been during the Roman period to one of the richest cities in the south. The city was considered one of the most important religious centers of the Byzantine Empire. Then the city was the turn of the Abbasi, the Seljuk, the crusaders and finally by the Ottomans conquered. In every era they are adorned with a song, every building which was built, took his rise from a forecast. The Habib Neccar mosque in Antakya e.g. is the tale of the conquest by the Islamic Army. This forecast is as follows:

Another legend

The successor to the beloved prophet, his Heikigkeit Omer, send entire Army divisions to Diyar-ı Rûm [land of the Romans] and then called in Christian hands are to conquer Anatolia and Islamisieren. One of these armies is under the command of Ebu Übey, another of the Cerrah as they march in Antakya. The enemy is strong, the mountainous terrain. The armies of Islam, in the excitement of the Jihad and in anticipation of the martyr death, they pursue the enemy and take his castles. Ebu Ubey has a heroic standard-bearer named Habib Neccar. At the height of fighting a battle with Habib Neccar the banner of honour in one hand and his sword in the other in the front rows. Whenever the Commander calls: "To help, Habib," he raises without his life to save, forward against the ranks of the enemy soldiers and infuses the zeal and enthusiasm. In just one day such fights only in the mountains near Antakya. The enemy is holding a mountain and will not be soft. And Ebu Übey not otherwise know to help its last hope is his standard-bearer. As the battle rages yeasty, made the call again "To help, Habib." Habib Roars "yallah" and quickly climbs the mountain penetrates into the ranks of the enemy and planted the banner on the highest peak of the mountain. He planted in, but the enemies do not differ from him with a sword and string separate his head from the fuselage. Since braust the Islamic army and climbs the mountain as lightning. You can find the fuselage of people head Habib Neccar. The enemy is in retreat, tägt abr the head of the Habib on a lance to them and they are cultivating it as a cautionary example to the highest tower of the fortress of Antakya.

The armies of Islam besiege a few days later Antakya. As the fierce battle rages, are voices from the severed head of the Habib on the fortified tower.

-- My brothers, my heroes, here I am. Stürmt her from the right, runs to the left.

As the votes from the severed head listen to throw the Muslims with enthusiasm forward, the soldiers of the enemy, however, take the panic. After a few hours the stronghold used by the residents of the town is the tax.

The Commander Ebu Übey but buried the severed head of the Habib and built on a tomb, and a mosque. The fuselage is in a separate grave in the mountains only to the final resting bedded.

And that is the forecast and the song of all known today Habib Neccar mosque. Back to the underground grave of Habib Neccar at the mosque today, the pilgrims, according to the Rezitierung the Fatiha [1 Sure of the Koran] fresh memory of their heroes this song again.

As the Holy Çelebi, our wortgewandter travellers before two hundred and forty years after Antakya came, he also has the tomb of Habib Neccar visited and the corresponding forecasts collected. The Holy Çelebi According to Habib Neccar at the time of the prophet Jesus lived, believed in him and wonder how Jesus gewitkt. Later he was invited by the idolaters killed by his head abschlug. One statement of the Holy Çelebi According to the fortress Antakyas, according to Istanbul, one of the greatest fortresses ever. In his itinerary he follows:

"So high walls and towers of the fortress as the Antakyas I have seen nowhere else. The walls, on the east side resting on high mountains, 80 Ellen high. The walls on the banks of the river Asi are against only 20 Ellen high. Each the rock from which the fortress was built, is about the size of an elephant trunk. The great masters Ferhat it with his axe aneinandergefügt so that they serve a single rock would hold ... "

The environment is Antakyas of historical remains littered. One of them is located on the railway line Iskenderun - Payas ... At a pillar of the ruins of the city gate of Iskenderun say they are "pillars of Jonas". The forecast shows that the fish the prophet Jonas, before the attacks a pagan tribe fled to a coast and swallowed by the fish was at this point spat out again. The Prophet Jonas has in this pillar spoken to the people and put them on the path of God created.

From the ruins of Arsuz states that once were here Meerjungrauen washed ashore and had been a city founded and based in the southern ports are on the scene every step of forecasts.

Antakya was during its history, the scene of numerous events. After the battle of Mercidabik in 1516, it was accompanied by Yavuz Sultan Selim osmanischem the area einverleibt and as a government district centre managed. After the First World War suffered Antakya the occupation by the enemy, during the national struggle it reached agreement with Ankara on October 20, 1921, within the government district Iskenderun an autonomous status. As a result of negotiations between France and Turkey, it was part of the Free State of Hatay and came on July 11, 1939 to the mother country, Turkey and the central city of our government bezirkes Hatay

THE LEGEND OF SAPANCA LAKE

The Sapanca Lake has its own forecast, in everyone's lips. Now is the time they once again to tell:

Once, there was at the point of the Sapanca Lake fertile land in this country was a rich, prosperous small town. The inhabitants of the town were rich, were wealthy, but they were secular gesonnen, eigenützig and miserly.

On the mountain in the Holy lived one who had gained the sanctity, he had the world entsagt and his heart was full of love and was once in this small town down. He entbot the peace greeting, nobody saluted back, he wanted to remain a guest, no one asked him to guest, to which door he knocked on was slammed in his face. This poor dervish, but had a rich heart, they do not even a glass of water. With the heart of a Dervishes is this: is it just smell, it can not cure, it is cured, it uses the still nothing. In the evening he left tired and dull, hungry and thirsty and the Kleinsttadt after a short way, he drew his steps to a candle light to a small hut entwich. We even knock on this door, and perhaps find a companion here, he thought. This chalet was the workshop of a poor Drechslers, for the inhabitants of the small town of wooden handles manufacturing and so his livelihood deserved. He knocked at the door, a little later opened the door Drechsler his smile:

-- There you go, welcome, warmly willhommen. I have just the pot from the fire. I just asked God, he should send me a guest, he said.

The Dervish was happy to put in the best corner of the hut, the space for guests. The Drechsler, the low tables and sat on everything he had, the Dervish. After lunch, he bed with a mattress stuffed with wood shavings and wished his guest a good night. Early in the morning they stood. The Dervish Drechsler asked the permission to go, Drechsler accompanied him to the opposite hills and brought him on the way. And what he saw on his return? On the site where the city had was a huge lake. No house, no cabin was stopped, no more arable field was more. The huge lake had simply swallowed everything. Except he was no longer alive. The injustice, the Dervish had suffered a broken heart had an entire small town tasted. Since that day called the Sapanca Lake [sapancı Drechsler =]. Erenler Tepesi [Mountain of the Holy] at Adapazarı is also the place where Baba Ağaç [ağaç = tree, Baba = actually father, as a respectful salutation] is buried. No sooner had the spring came Ağaç Baba went down into the forest, planzte to unsolicited Bumsetzlinge fields, trees pulled up. Who Ağaç by Baba herausreißt planted seedlings, or by him großgezogenen trees fälllt, whose hands dried up. That's why nobody could touch the forests. When he died, left Ağaç Baba following Testament:

-- After me, if you want that your children happy, your land is fertile, not stir the trees. If you want that I pray for you, if you for your world and for yourselves in the Hereafter want to do something, planting trees.

Since the death of Baba are Ağaç years, are centuries passed. But it remains to be immortal, popularly fortlebendes Testament. This will be one not only for Sakarya, but for all of Anatolia to heart.

In Sakarya forecast to forecast ... With Anatolia is never finished, part of which is the Sakaraya ... still, but deep. As the poet says:

There is but one river,

Still before he goes down!

One of his name is Anatolia

The other name is ... Sakarya

Verschlossen, deep

His sources, the fairies

Blue, green eyes

Rauben the heart.

His milk holy river

The Mother Nature,

It was born a beautiful city

Your name is Adapazarı!

A BEAUTIFUL CITY-SAKARYA

The government Sakarya district takes its name from the river Sakarya. The Sakarya rises to the pastures of the Western Inneranatoliens, errecht the district border in Pamukova, draws from various adverse currents and flows in Karasu finally into the Black Sea. Until a hundred years ago branched at the Sakarya Uzunköprü in two arms and created such a small island. And that had a village built. They called it Adaköy(adakoy=island village). Soon the village was a marketplace on which the dealers in the area gathered. It was "Adapazarı" (adapazari=island market) georen. It has doubled in the last fifty years developed rapidly, to trade and industrial city millennium. In 1954, the government district Sakarya founded as a centre chosen Adapazarı.

But the history of the region extends far zrück. Sakarya, formerly belonging to Bythinischen Kingdom, later in Roman and Byzantine hand, has from time to time, the thundering hooves of the seldschukischen armies and heard in the first years after the founding of the Ottoman Empire sang the first songs of conquering this area.

The historian noted that the name Sakaryas of Sangarius "come what in the city" Sangia "zurückgehe in the field of the old Phrygiens at the point where the Sakarya rises, confessed. This city was located 3 km southeast of the town Çifteler in the government district Eskişehir. Even today originated here waters and form a small lake. You are the sources of Sakrya.

THE CITY OF HEROES SONGS-ADANA

Cukurova in southern Anatolia, the place where the heroes are grown. Folk tales and singers such as Karacaoğlan Dadaloğlu rise from here her voice, here enstehen the forecasts, here are the heroes geungen songs. If a book is Cukurova, Adana is the word in this book. Cukurova has developed through the centuries excelled and his final stone is Adana. Adana is the Çukurova color, whose story ...

The historian let us know Adanus Adana had founded, so the name originated. In fact, reads the name Adanas in the texts from hettitischer time as Adania. Adanus Who is this? For some he is the son of God Uranus. With his brother Sarus he fights against the Tarser. This war lasts years. Finally Adanus founded a city and gives it its own name. The name of the river remains Sarus Seyran.

Adana is the place where the Straits of Külek herführende track with the main road south herführenden cuts, so it was the scene of several historical events and in the wake of these events, erstanden sagas and epics.

Im saying there is the following rhyme: "Adana will be sent to the flood, wind and Ceyhan on Misis to the snakes disappear." Through the centuries, the river Seyhan often taken on the shore and has threatened Adana. Ceyhan was at that time a small city, whose houses made of clay and reed were built. Whenever the wind blew, he bließ these houses look like matches. What Misis, so there is a legend and goes like this:

Once infected the Prince of Misis an incurable disease. The medicines prepared to show no effect. One day, a doctor. The says: "Do not Müht vain. Cure the disease of the Prince of Padischah the eyes of the snakes, Sahmaran come. But snake lived in the castle. We need him, his eyes ausstechen and the prince to drink. "

The Misiser to their very dear lord, attacked the castle, and capture the Sahmaran sting his eyes. The prince and genest they drink from his illness. The snakes, which are now without a guide, will one day be together Misis attack and revenge. This belief is the people of the area now live in fear.

In fact, is at the top of a small mountain, a castle that is the people "snake-castle". After another unverbürgten message as the ancestor of all doctors throughout the world and considered the father of medicine, known Lokman Hekim in Çukurova and has lived his medicines from the plants is growing here. Each plant told the Lokman Hekim, for what ailment it was healing. One day said to him the plant, before the death preserved. Just as Lokman Hekim wanted to write this was a wind, the magazine took him out of the hands and threw it into the river Seyhan. The booklet and the plant lost an appeal against the death has been unable to find.

Are we talking about Adana, we already have the mythology enter the city. Take the thread from here and we browse a little in the pages of the saga of the conquest Adanas.Wie you know, the Anatolian Seljuk Chen Oguzturken the tribes of the tent for tent from Central Asia einwanderten in their Grenzmarken settled. With the three hundred tents to stem the immigrant Anatolia Ramazanoglu they were in the southern area Killikien settled. After the Ramazanoğlu a little umhergewandert were there, make it the slopes of Mount Çaldağı in the east Aadanas to their homeland.

One day, the son of the governor byzantischen to Adana on hunting. With a "Pirr" the hawk flies from his arm and rising into the air. The governor's son pursued the hawks on horseback. Finally, the falcon flies to the tents of the tribe of Ramazanoğlu, and locks on one of the yurts. The son of the governor rides to the yurt on which the falcon is established. Just because a girl is out beautiful as a piece of moon, like a slim Baumspross and it captures the falcons. The governor's son goes by the mind. Such beauty, he has never seen. He asked for her name and it is clear it is the daughter of the tribal prince.

After he arrived in Adana, thinks he found only at the girl. His thoughts are filled with ill-fated love. Finally, he complains suffering his father. As much as the governor tries his love auszureden tries, the son does not. At the end they decide on the tribal prince to go for the hand of the girl stop. But the Ramazanoğlu say:

-- We are Muslims. We give no Ungläubiegen girls. Says he, and that is it. It is almost to the fight. The enemies are many, the Turks only a handful of men. You think to, consider and prepare a trap. They say:

-- Well, we'll give you the girl. Aaber we have a condition. On Çaldağı will celebrate a wedding, as they have not seen before. Mat, the drums beat, we will slaughter lambs. The wine must flow in streams, so wedding mood arises. We hope that the royal wedding so our focus is, as its credit is due ...

A few days later to begin the celebrations. The governor, his aides and guards sene attend the wedding. He entertained the Ramazanoğul, as it has not yet seen, it means they eat and drink. In the wine barrels attention. Against midnight, the Byzantines sturzbetrunken. As they captivated all together, entkleidet them. The heroes of Ramazanoğlu pull these clothes, and as the day heranbricht, they send a message to Adana:

-- Your governor returns with the Brautzug back into the city. All it will be outside the city received.

Quite Adana is on his feet and is on the way. When the Brautzug approaches, überfällt part of a Turkish hero in the clothes of the guard of the enemy Contrary to them coming, the other department seeps into the city and besieged the palace, the arrival of the bride. A few hours later, in the hands of Adana Ramazanoğulları.

Ramazanoğlu the bell away from the big church in the city and leaves from there the first prayer sounds. Since that day Adana is from now on and forever hostel and eyeball Turkishness. The saga of the conquest Adanas starts on the wings of a falcon, but it is not finished, she writes endless heroes songs in the annals of history.

CITIES

The urbanization in Turkey is well advanced, 74% of the total population live in a city. The south-east and north-east of the country are very sparsely populated, most of lives and works in the major urban centres on the West Coast and the region around the square Ankara, Sivas, Kayseri and Konya in central Turkey.

Capital and seat of government is located in Central Anatolia Ankara with a population of 4,466,756. There has also supported the Grand National Assembly office, the leadership and command of all forces. Ankara is one of the major industrial and service urban Turkey and university town, including sitting here by Mustafa Kemal founded in 1936 Ankara Üniversitesi, the oldest university Ankara.

Mega-metropolis, the largest city in the country and also the most important economic and cultural Ballungszentrum the country is located on the Bosporus Istanbul (formerly Constantinople), set by the strait dividing and thus on two continents over an area of about 1,269 sq. km. The actual city has 11,174,257 inhabitants in the entire metropolitan region, which focus entirely on the floor area of the province of Istanbul, is living in an area of approximately 5,220 square kilometres around 12,573,836 people. This is Istanbul one of the largest cities in the world.

Izmir with 3,739,353 inhabitants is the third largest Turkish city after Istanbul and has the second largest commercial port. Bursa (2,439,876 inhabitants), the former capital of the Ottoman Empire, is now a major business location for the automotive and textile industries. The main town in south-east Turkey, Diyarbakir. Diyarbakir (1,460,714 inhabitants) is second only to the Chinese Wall is the largest and best preserved fortification in the world. It consists mainly of basalt. The plant will be built in an inner and an outer section subdivided. Other major cities are Adana (2,006,650 inhabitants), Gaziantep (1,560,023 inhabitants), Konya and tourists stronghold Antalya (2007).

FLORA AND FAUNA

The area of Turkey will lead to 26.2% of forest used, agricultural, 36.3% of the total area.

The Flora of Turkey is considered the most varied and diversified in the Middle East. There are around 9,000 plant species with 850 species, especially in the south plant, which is in the dry summer adapted, for example, evergreen hedges and shrubs, oak trees, olive and carob trees. Among the high levels are wild flowers and ground cover at home.

The steppes are shrubs, pine forests and black pines dominated the dry areas of thistles.In the north, especially on the Black Sea coast, there are extensive hazel nuts, corn and Teeplantagen, in the south more fruit and cotton plantations.

Also, many small game species and wild boars at home while their existence by hunting steadily depleted. An animal found primarily cattle, horses, buffaloes, sheep and goats. The camel stock fell in the last few decades back constantly, they are now a priority for athletic competitions and not more than load carrying bred.

The largest predators, still live in Turkey, among other things, brown bear, wolf, Canis aureus and Eurasian lynx. The last Turkish Leopard should Hakkari in 1979 by a farmer was shot.

SCENERY

Turkey is divided into seven geographical areas or regions: Region Marmara, Aegean region, Black Sea region, Central Anatolia, Mediterranean region, eastern and southeastern Anatolia. These regions differ greatly with regard to vegetation and weather conditions.

See: geographical areas of Turkey

Thrace is located west of the Bosphorus on the European side. On the Thracian high level of the River Meriç the border with Greece. East of the Bosphorus, the Marmara region. The Marmara Sea separates Europe from Asia and the Aegean Sea from the Black Sea. Back to the Mediterranean to cover the Dardanelles on a length of 60 km. The two countries are at Çanakkale tongues with up to 4 km at the widest. On the Bosporus, the million-metropolis Istanbul. The landscape in this region is hilly and bushes and forests. The fertile agricultural land in the east differs a steppe landscape. The region is the economic center of Turkey. The city of Bursa million resort and is famous for its sulphur and thermal sources. It lies at the foot of the mountains Uludağ. The mountain is a popular year-round destination.

The Aegean region is also extensively used for agriculture. The very hilly landscape stretches along the west coast between Çanakkale and Bodrum. The coastal region is among the best tourist areas of Turkey. In addition to olive and cypress vines dominate the landscape. In this region there are many ancient buildings from the time of the Greek population, such as Troy, Assos (Behramkale), Pergamon (Bergama), Ephesus (Efes), Priene, Miletus, Didyma and Euromos.

The Black Sea region covers the northern coastal area of Turkey. It is characterized by a mild, wet climate, and its mountainous landscape cover large forests. At the very fertile ground tea, tobacco, corn and hazelnuts grown.

The region includes zentralanatolische the inneranatolischen high levels. Here are the Salt Lake Tuz Gölü and mountains, in places up to 3,900 m hochragen. To the east lies Cappadocia, because of its tuff driven residential caves and rock churches in up to 2,000 m high mountain bowling is famous. Inner Anatolia is mainly through a landscape of steppe and marked one of the driest areas of Anatolia, in the region around the Tuz Gölü wüstenähnliche the landscape takes shape. Therefore, the agricultural use in this region is not trained as much as in the aforementioned regions. In particular, wheat, barley and fruit are grown. The climate of this region is characterized by hot, dry summer with cold evenings. The winter with temperatures below -20 degrees Celsius very cold.

The Mediterranean region is in the north by the Taurus and to the east of Amanosgebirge. In this region are mainly citrus fruits, bananas, tomatoes, peanuts and cotton are grown.

Van Castle on Lake Van in eastern Turkey Southeastern Anatolia is the oldest cultural region of Turkey. It is supported by the Taurus Mountains enclosed. Here are the two rivers Tigris and Euphrates. Agriculturally, this region through wheat, barley, wine, olives and pistachio cultivation. the region east of the Euphrates through a high plateau. To further agricultural cultivation will be taken under the Southeast Anatolia Project along the Euphrates and Tigris over 22 dams built.

LOCATION

Turkey is geographically extends over two continents. Anatolia, the Asian part of Turkey's territory, is about 97% of the area. The European part is the eastern Thrace, it comprises about 3% of the country (23,623 square kilometers).

The country borders Turkey have a total length of approximately 9,850 km, of which 7,200 km from the sea bounds. In western Turkey, the Aegean Sea, the Mediterranean south and the north the Black Sea. Turkey also agrees with eight neighbouring countries border with a total length of 2,648 km. In the north-west it is bordered to Greece (206 km border) and Bulgaria (240 km), in the north-east Georgia (252 km), Armenia (268 km), Azerbaijan (exclave and autonomous Republic of Czechoslovakia Nachi Evan, 9 km), in the east to Iran (499 km) and to the south of Iraq (352 km) and Syria (822 km). The politically divided island of Cyprus with the Republic of Cyprus and the internationally unrecognised Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus are also not far from the Turkish coast.

Especially the north of Turkey is one of the most seismic regions of the world and in recent years repeatedly shaken by earthquakes. Since a certain chronological east-west sequence of earthquakes in northern Turkey must be established, experts do believe that in the foreseeable future İstanbul also by a large quake could be shaken. The last major quake in the province of Kocaeli were less than 100 km from Istanbul.

SOLON AND CROESUS(KREZUS)

The truth of this story is bezwiefelt of Herodotus, but if Croesus called, comes mostly in a sense. Towards the end of the era of kings Habichtswald had the richness of the Sardis peak. At that time, all ways, politicians and Vornehemen to Sardis to visit and to meet with Croesus.

Solon set a condition that the laws of Athens, which he had adopted, should not be changed and to ensure that he decided, to leave Athens and on a ten-year journey to go. During this trip comes after he Sardis. Croesus meets the Solon with its legendary hospitality and entertained him. After a few days, three or four days after his arrival, he shows him the legendary treasures of the palace. As he, as much as possible, Sardis, the palace and change his life has shown, he asked the Solon:

Athenischer My friend! I have learned a lot from your knowledge and your whiteness. I also know that their lot, too. That is why I ask you a question. Who is the happiest man, her in the world have seen? A man from Athens called Tellus! The Croesus of this response is surprised and asks for the reason:

Solon says that there are two reasons, the first that he was rich in life and had two sons had well-the second: it was a good life in a glorious way died. Croesus This answer is curious about the man zweitglücklichsten Solon reflects not the answer, which he wants to hear:

Zwie young men from Argos, says Solon. They were called Kleobis and Biton. They had a good income. They won fame as Atlethen. When the inhabitants of the Argos celebrated festival of Hera, she wanted her mother with the ox cart to the findings. Since the late steers came from the field, they spannten himself in front of the car and pulled the car the six kilometers to the temple. The front of the temple Versammelten and their mothers cheered them on. After this cheering the two youths slept in the temple and never awoke. The inhabitants of Argos' could customize their statues and sent them to Delphi. Croesus considers it no longer and asked openly:

So far, so good for these men, but what do you say to my happiness? Is it so bad to me that you do not even me with you mentioned ordinary men want to compare? Solon is a truly wise answer:

My Lord, we know that the gods and the people neiden joy to have them in the misfortune to fall. Your fragtet me to the fate of mankind. If so, it sounds: During the years pass, the man much, from whom he hopes it would otherwise come and he learns much suffering. We never know what the man on the next day. That's why you see how the Croesus anheimgegeben to chance. You are very rich, is on countless countries, but until I hear that you are happy getorben, I asked you the question was not answered. Many rich men are unhappy and also the man of sufficient income can be lucky. The second is in two respects better than the first. Using the word happy for anybody that has not died. Until that day, you're not a happy person, but one that lucky. Because happiness is, who many goods held them until the final could keep quiet and finally died. What it needs to go, always look to the end.

As we mentioned above, it is because of the life of Croesus and data Solon not likely that the two met. Herodotus, not by some as the father of history, but as the father of lies is being seen, will probably already at the end of Croesus mention or show that the gods punish the famous Croesus had deswgen and has invented this story. The son of Croesus, Atys, he has the same punishment motif continued. After the events of which we continue to learn in detail below, take the Persians captured the Croesus and bring him before the Cyrus. At the beginning of the battle, the Cyrus ordered with certainty, the Croesus suffering should not happen now that he is caught, he bids him together with fourteen lydischen children on a pyre to burn. Croesus, in a calm and wind night in Sardis on the pyre, is suddenly remembers to Solon and seufst three times and each time it says the name of the Solon:

Solon Ah! Solon Ah! Solon Ah!

Until then, the Croesus was not amended to bring it desperately now complains about the attention of Cyrus awakens, and orders his men, Croesus to ask who it Solon and why he had to call him. Only the Croesus will not answer these questions. But as the questions are asked again, he no longer stand:

He is a man with all the kings of the world must speak, he says, and tells what was spoken between them.

Then bids Cyrus, the fire, but despite all the effort will not expect the fire. Despite the calm weather and wind gathers the god Apollo, the actions of Croesus has heard the clouds and rain falling now clears the fire. Croesus is saved and goes together with Cyrus on a long journey.

KREZUS(CROESUS)

Croesus, the last king of the sex of Gyges to the reign of Herakliden on the throne lydischen to an end. At the same time, he was the last lydische king.

The king of the sex of Mermaden / hawks coming kings herrrschten during an important period lydischer history. The government this time kings, the years 687-552 BC, occupy a prominent place in the history of Zivilasation. In 1893, G. Radet led research in Sardis, and in his book, he writes, while the All generations in one Sardis began. Among the things he "Everything", include economic and industrial inventions, money, internationler distance trade, lyrical poetry, music, philosophy, astronomy and geography, symposia, advances in metallurgy and the sculpture. Croesus was the one who made the sex of the Gyges, from which the oracle had predicted that it the revenge of the sex of Candaules would take.

Croesus is not a mythical figure, he was a real king. But his wealth impressed both the ancient and modern times and gave him mythic stature. In his time all Greek parents wanted their children after him. For all these reasons, we consider it necessary to him in this book a whole chapter to devote. From Croesus, we can say the following: In the days since the story does under a mythological fog was imposed, he obtained a leghendären fame.

When his father in 560/561 BC died, he ascended the throne in Sardis Lydiens. He overcame the resistance to his brother Pantaleon, accompanied by an ionic woman was born. Even he was the son of a Karyanischen woman.

During a short time he gained dominion over Lycia, and Cilicia Miletus and also across Anatolia. He created a well-known in all languages icon with his wealth, his Großzügügkeit and hospitality: Karun ...

Those who have the personality of Croesus investigated, also remember his devotion and his noble heart. But they also point to his behavior as an equal to the gods. It is as set in the tradition of Tantalus and Niobe.

TYLON(TYLOS)

Tylon / Tylos Anatolian is a myth that the Hellenes equated with Hercules tried. It is agreed that Tylon one of the sons of the Erdgöttin Rhea.

When the two brothers one day at Hermos / Gediz walk, a snake bites the Tylon and he dies. The Moire take the panic and calls on the giant named Damasen herbei. And the giant kills the snake, the Tylon killed, as is the wife of the snake. Pflückt a flower, the flower is called Zeus, and deletes above the mouth of her dead husband, the comes to life and they do together and them.

This myth, the snake, the flower, the giant Damasen and Tylon decorate the coins Lydiens.

The snake, the healing arts gives life, inspired by this myth.

OMPHALE AND HERCULES

The history, we now want to tell, plays in the mountains Tmolos / Bozdağ. The Queen of Lydier Omphale is the wife of the Tmolos to the Bozdağ his name. Tmolos will one day in the hunt for a wild boar killed. The mountain, located in the south of Sardis rises, there is the name of the dead king. And the fabulously beautiful Queen Omphale is now widow.

The other hero of our history is the epitome of power, fearlessness and heroism, Hercules. His arrival in Lydia, his being with the Queen of Sardis verwitwten has something with the desire of the gods to be done. In other words, Hercules is forced to Sardis:

The Köinig the city Oichalia, Eurytus, had claimed that nobody could deal with him in archery measure. As much as he trusts in his ability that he promises his beloved daughter only person to give him in archery exceeds. Our hero Hercules occurs against the King Eurytus. And the king proposes the arch-shoot. But the king is not adhering to his word. His only beloved daughter he will not give the Hercules. The angry, and angry when Hercules, it is blind with rage. It follows the favorite of the four sons of the King, the Iphitos.

Hercules ertägt not the deep sorrow about the completely innocent Iphitos killed. He goes to the temple, questioned the oracle what he must do that to take advantage of that debt to be exempt. The Oracle says he will serve as a slave, lanf three years, it day and night to do everything he orders his mistress.

Thus begins the bondage of Hercules', the nine-dragon terrible Lerna killed. Everything his mistress, de lydische beautiful queen and widow, Omphale, it is in the vtut he said. It is said that this bondage would have the Herculean not overly saddened, on the contrary, he had in this very beautiful days and in his later life the days that he lydischen in the capital Sardis verbracte always keep in good memory.

Hercules is knees to the beautiful queen. The days and nights they spend together, always eyes on Aug ', knee to knee. He wears women's clothing, our Hercules. And although kunterbunte. He stickt and sew together with the queen. It's going to land. In the thymian-pfefferminz and tamariskenduftenden valleys of Bozdağ. The Queen bathes in oleanderbestandenen Sartçayı whose water and sand before the gold shine, it cools off the Omphale, which, although Queen, but only one woman, which is a beautiful woman. And Herhules, he was also a slave, but a man, and a strong, strong man And they love each other.

The Sardis collected over Bozdağ will witness an unforgettable love. Even today calls, it is said, the Sartçayı, of the summit of Bozdağ like a wild goat herabklettert and meckert and small waterfalls forms, "Hercules, Hercules" while the oleander and tamarisk "Omphlae, Omphale" whisper ...

SARDES(SARDIS)

Sardis is located in the basin of Hermos / Gediz, on the banks of Paktalos / Sartçayı and the northern slopes of the mountains in the west of the Tmolos / Bozdağı. The myth that it was of a king named Meles.

During the era of Hettiter in the years 1750-1200 BC knows the territory, which includes Sardis, as Assuwa. "Whether Sardis at this time a village, a stain or a city with a palace, you do not know. If Dr. Veli Sevin claims that Sardis during the Bronze Age village was a anatolisches, so it was that A. Ramage towards the end of the Bronze Age (1200-1000 BC) a major urban centre. Although Sardis in the 7th and 6th century BC a rapid development. Hettiter have their time trying to Anatolia in a political entity to create and it is they succeeded. "As the Assuwa / Arzava Konfederation" the Hettitern in this entgegenstellte their projects, they have to reign her emperor Tudhaliya IV (1250-1220 BC) Sardis burned down. Despite this event remains the relationship with the Hettitern superficial. The excavations in Sardis is only one Pfeilspitzte hettitischer style have been found. The Tata thing that you can not seal found Hannfmann is so gedeutend been that in the period before 7 Ct. BC no Scripture. It had Luwier that previously, in 2nd Millennium BC, lived in this area, both the hettitische writing, as well as a hieroglyphic writing in their own language.

Contrary to what Strabo claimed that the excavations show that the city of Sardis in the Bronze Age maintained relations with Troy. A whole range of authors also argue that the names of Lydia and Sardis after the time of King Gyges used. After Xanthos is the city in the Greek text as Sardeis Sardis or written to us so well-known city but in the actual language of Lydier Sfardis / Sparda and called this word means "year". Homer mentioned Sardis, but he uses the name Hyde. The name Sardis us first met in the poems of the singer Archilochos from Paros in the 7th Ct. BC Sardis started after this century, famous.

We also begenen various other thoughts on the word Sardis. So writes e.g. Ch Texier, the name of the city come from the Armenian word "Sardar", and some authors also argue that migrant Thrakier the city had this name. The ancient Nikonor author claims that the old name of the city was at the beginning of the Iron Age and Homer Hyde had this name in its Illiade used. Hemp man next to the name, the name Hyde Xuaris. Pliny, Strabo, however, to keep the name Hyde was only for the "Acropolis" have been used.

From the day when it became the capital of the Asia tables Federation, Sardis enters the stage of history. For centuries, succeeded in the city, their place in the foreground to say and it was a magnificent symbol of Anatoly's civilization.

Sardis although the penetration of the Turks to Anatolia and some natural events such as earthquakes and floods its significance and, more recently, including its physical location of the district town Salihli leave. Hemp man thinks that we müsen if we Sardis in our imaginations wiedererstehen want, not just today's roads and railways wegdenken, but also a variety of changes to the landscape by earthquakes and landslides, the abundant winter rains and erosion in mind.

PELOPS

The god Zeus had the dismembered body of his grandson Pelops again joined him life. The rest of his life of Pelops spends with his shoulder ivory happy days. We can say that he is the only from the sex of the Tantalus, is not approved by the wrath of the gods has been taken. Pelops Schenk made the mouth of the dominant sea god Poseidon, with his trident the earth quake was. After a while the Poseidon sends the Pelops back to the surface. He must have the services of the mouth as Pelops Schenk been satisfied, because he gave his winged horse.

From now on berreist Pelops the earth with its geflkügelten horses. One day he sees the daughter of the King of Elis Dinomaos, Hippodameia. No sooner has he seen it, since he is already in love. But the beautiful girls heimzuführen this beauty of it, is not an easy thing. Because the king Dinomaos has a condition, which is to meet before his daughter being made: the bridegroom in special needs him in Wagenrennn defeat. Who can beat him, he will kill. His palace has with the dead heads of the Free adorned, were with him when measured chariot races and lost. It is said that the king love his daughter very much and was in any Eifersüchtig, including at denjenign, they marry. It also means he think that, who they married, is also on his throne apart, so he is very afraid. That is why it is in the race unprecedented lists, as the case may be, he always takes at the end of the life of Freiers.

And the hero of our story, the Pelops with the elfernbeinerrnen shoulder, the grandson of the god Zeus, falls in just the daughter of such a cruel king. And what a love! Who love, and he was also mortal when it comes to a grandson of Zeus, and if he is the owner of the horse Meerebeherrschenden Poseidon, the fear of death yet know? Pelops, and keeps the king for the hand of his daughter, says he is ready to chariot races. Pelops completely trusts his horses. And what is more important, he is in love. Love is not always something blind? But this is a beautiful blindness: Is it not very significant, the man for his love of his life is at stake?

Pelops won the race with the winged horses, which he presented the god Poseidon. And he gets the beloved beautiful Hippodameia. But there is talk about how he won the race: In some states, the beautiful Hippodameia had been based on the first look at the Pelops love. And has set in the head, Pelops to marry. On the other side knows it, as well as her own behalf knows that this young man, like so many before him, the race will lose. It must do something, and at the first sight in love makes the following: In the darkness of the night to sharpen the car servant, what he has to do.

The day of the race breaks up. The on his car aufplusternde Dinomaos is sure of his victory. He trusts only himself, as well as his horses, a gift from God Ares war. As yet all so far, it is also this young man his only daughter does not get, he will be his corpse in the dust behind her haul. But his beautiful daughter Hippodameia, in honor of the lodge sits Hippodroms is not with him. She knows that her father will be the die. Because the car Myritos servant has the wheel of his car gentlemen relaxed.

The race begins under the screams of the people in the Hippodrome. But this race full of intrigue will not be long. During his horses run like the wind, dissolves the wheel from the car of the king Dinomaos. The king falls from the trolley and is fragmented among the hooves of horses schaumschnaubenden divine. After the race, get the two lovers. But the car myrtilus servant knows too much. It means servant, so much of their men know, do not live long. The myrtilus, in the darkness of the night to seduce his action had kills in the darkness of night the beautiful Queen Hippodameia. Although Pelops Hippodameia and led a carefree life, it was their sons, Atreus and Thystes, no luck decision. The two brothers advised aneinader. Thyrestes seduces the wife of his brother. The gehörnte Atreus divided the two small children of his brother, they can cook and puts it to his brother, that is, their own father, with the appetite verspeist.

The Tantalus starting a chain of disasters the whole family, with the exception of Pelops. Bloody crime, the hair Bertge leave, ereigenen. While some mythological stories to the fraud of the Gods by the Tantalus as the cause for these disasters show, hold the killing of other Wagendieners myrtilus by Pelops and his wife for the reason.

Either way, happiness and well-being, based on the blood of other built, it can not last forever! On the other hand, as long as there are people, the people raised their heads and gods this "debt" and great care is used, its relationship with the people on the ratio of "Crime and Punishment" there ...

Anyway, we come back to the heroes of our story, Pelops, to speak. It is said that the life of Pelops had been useful and glorious: He founded the Olympic Games. He brought by the Sipylos "Kordax" dance and his cult to Greece. The Kordaxkult of Artemis, with its choirs and dances, as in Anatolia as well as in Greece far.

It gives the peninsula its name Mora. It is called the peninsula still the Pelepones. The fact that a hero from Anatolia such succeed, has to mean something.

ARACHNE

Arachne, whose history we read, is neither a goddess nor a nobleman as the other heroes in this book. The heroine of our story, Arachne, is from the people, a lydische woman. But, as Sappho in her poem Arigonata mentioned, a beautiful and talented woman ... "In the moments that we experienced together, Yes, Arigonata, even the gods They were equal Register The other women too.

What has the beautiful Arachne, as one of the nation, in mythology to search? Your talent and their skill ... Arachne lydische is a beauty, their talent and skill at work at the hoop and the production of refined peaks. And "the other women mentioned the same gods." Even the nymphs left their game in the lonely mountain springs to you by the hand and watch their work with a lot of effort made to work. And they believed that the goddess Athena, the protector of the hand work, "her this skill without peers had a gift ... One day ask the beautiful nymphs Arachne beyond: To produce beautiful embroidery work, has sent you the goddess Athena taught?

Arachne, this simple, skilled Anatolian girl is surprised about this question: Athena? Who is this? Work on the hoop, the manufacture of lace made me Egeriya taught my mother before she died. I can even teach Athena this work. The Athena not know and then they do not take serious: this was a great debt ... Or also mentioned this girl, her remains Niobe, the gods the same?

The king of the gods, Zeus, became the first woman Selected it is the Metis, the goddess of wisdom, Metis knows most Of all the gods and people. But precisely because this should give birth goddess The Athena with the flashing eyes, as the Zeus, The advice of the earth and sky follow Your loving eyes betrayed and his wife Betäubt, and she took from her body. And Zeus took them out one day from his own head The cruel Athena with the flashing eyes, Those goddess, the whole world against aufhetzt The tire without the armies Senior, The fighting and war cries lovers, The highly elevated held goddess. "

According to the mythology heard "naturally" the goddess Athena the words of the selbstvergessenen lydischen girl. And one day she came in the clothes and the persona of an old woman Arachne and advised her:

My daughter, I am experienced as du Keep not large. You can not exceed more than mortal. But, with the creativity of a goddess, you can not be measured. You have, as I hear loose talk from the Athena. Compete not with her. If you have something done, ask for forgiveness. The goddess is merciful, they will tell you. Otherwise you will be harmed.

The Anatolian beautiful girls, Arachne, these words are not understood. She gave as an aged woman clad Athena following response: I consider myself anyone. Gar a goddess certainly not. But I trust my skill. If she wants, should they come from, the Athena. Let us leave it to a race at the hoop and at the peak production arrive. And, again according to mythology, the goddess Athena was "natural" whether this answer very erbost they took back to their glorious appearance with spear, shield and helmet and took the contest in this Anatolian girls, which itself had forgotten.

Athena edited on a cloth hoop with a picture ddes mountain Olympus and the gods. The beautiful Arachne, however, edited swan Zeus in the form of love with Leda. When the works were finished, the Athena erbost twice. The image of Zeus, the embroidered Arachne had schmähte the Zeus. Maybe this was just a pretext to punish Arachne ... Because she could at the Stickartbeit no miscarriage of Arachne.

Arachne, had had the nerve, with the goddess to engage in competition and a vollkommneres work ends as the "handiwork beschützenden goddess, as Athena, the work of the girl from the people and tore it. Arachne was proud of this Tort very sad and wanted to erhängen. This allowed the Götin not.

You will not die, but live. But since you have measured with me, you will change your life immerfort networks on a hanging forever, she said. They transformed it into a spider. Sun had a goddess of Hellenes in an Lydierin avenged because they had levied against them.

Arachne other hand, just like the poem of Sappho, Arigonata, still lives in the stories of gender. "Now Call the Lydierinnen Hang out with their folk songs of the evening. "

NIOBE

Niobe was from a combination of Tantalus with Eunassa, the daughter of the river Sartçayı / Paktolos born and it is a creation of Kybelekultes. She was born on Sipyl mountains and lived there.

According to the classical Greek mythology, she married the King of Thebes, Amphion. The relationship between Niobe, a symbol of the local Muttergottkultes with Thebes and Amphion is doubtful. Also in this story, we see an example of how the Hellenes elements aneigneten Anatolian culture. Amphion is the son of Zeus and the beautiful daughter of King Thebischen Nycteus. He grew up with his brother in the mountains, with the herders. Apollo saw that the child talent for music, and gave him a Lyra.

The music was Lydiens the substance from which the forecasts. This music, the music Griechlands and Rome has influenced first sounded at the wedding of Amphions and Niobe by Amphion and was brought to Greece, as erzäht. And the Greeks do not hide that they are their instruments and melodies owe to Anatolia. The art, and friendly linde Aphion and the daughter of Tantalus, Niobe, a glücklches life and with all twelve children blessed. It also means the Niobe, since it is based on the mountains Sipylos lived with the goddess Leto friends. It is also behautet, Leto was Lykiens the goddess and her name from the word Lycian Lada / Women come. The combination of Titan Leto daughter with Zeus Apollo and Artemis were born. The Leto gave birth to the Apollon of Zeus And the Artemis, the goddess arrows schleudernde In Uranus, these beautiful grandchildren, Leto was in the arms of Zeus' pregnant with them. The Niobe compared with the Leto with the beautiful cheeks. Said, Leto gave birth to two Kinnder, I but a dozen.

The no power their children could entreiißen their hands on this assertion and the larger number of their children based their claim. Therefore, it is mentioned happy and blessed. With their thoughts like this, as we in the history of the Solons read, the Croesus, that they are measured with gods, it is possible their father Tantalus ... Finally, Leto heard by the words they schmähenden the Niobe darob and was saddened, angered and called Apollo and Artemis to. She said that this abuse against itself would impose on their dignity and be gods wish to punish the Niobe. Phoibe and Koios ipakipagtalo each other. And for the love of God, this goddess The Leto was born, with the blue head scarf, The birth tenderheartedly Leto The sweet nature of their most famous Olympos, The people and the gods open Leto.

Accordingly, Leto had a right to cross. Or the Niobe Leto, the once angry now. Leto had only two children, but they were both gods. In addition, she had the children born with great difficulty. As Zeus she saw, he fell in love with her, they frönten a while love, but as Leto was pregnant, is spared from the Eifesucht Zeus nörgelnden his wife Hera and left the Leto. But the approach did not Leto alone. None of the above approach feared the anger, half of Leto, on the contrary, they made their difficulties rather than to ask. On the karstic and rocky island of Delos promised one of Leto, their children Apollo and Artemis to build a temple and, after a anfderen tradition brought the first Leto Apollon, the Artemis to the world. For nine days and nine nights she was in labour.

The accident of Niobe begins with the Zorm the Leto. We listen the story of Homer: The Niobe with the beautiful hair came to mind to eat. These were the twelve children died in the palace, Six girls and six boys in young age. Apollon zürnte the Niobe Had killed her sons with his silver bow. And their daughters killed the Bogenschützin Artemis Niobe had with the schönwangigen compared Leto said Leto gave birth to two children, I do a dozen.

Two, Apollo and Artemis, killing them all. The corpses were and have remained in their blood There was no one to bury them, All had transformed into stone of the Kronos' son The gods of heaven buried the dead on the tenth day Also that day, the Niobe in the sense to eat It was she tired to cry tears.

Today, on the rocks of Sipylos, at the abandoned Summit Akhelos On the banks of the river, where the nymphs play Are their camps, they say yes, just there, It was at the behest of the gods to stone the Niobe, Keep your heart pain. Today, we can at Manisa Berg / Sipylos near Manisa and at the place that we now know as the reservoir, the petrified with the Niobe from her eyes caves rinnenden water. This rock, and buildings as a meaningless stone appears far from resembles a petrified wife and is regarded as a concrete testimony of a three thousand years old story.

The mythology that is one of the attributes of the Artemis "Strafenden", after the daughters of Niobe has also killed the Amphion, probably because he married a woman Anatolian and a "sex verkehrtes created". Here we do not want to explain that the name Artemis lydischen from the language comes from. But the Artemis, the Kindfer the Niobe killed, the Anatolian Artemis, a symbol of motherhood. It is the "Strafende" and "Jungfräuliche" Greek Artemis, this cruel, vengeful murder them.

TANTALOS

His father was the god Zeus, his mother, however, a man who Pluton. The glorious king Tantalus is in Manisa, as well as in Sipylum. But even this fabulously rich king is only mortal. Even though he is in heaven of the gods is hosted at the same table with the gods and that drink nectar, it is this high king but mortal. Since he is mortal, but in addition to the immortals einherlebt and this lack (!) Constantly feel the need Tantalus improper thoughts come. Finally, he one day the wrath of the gods.

Among the reasons for his dispute mt the gods, different histories. So should he order the dog of Zeus Hermos not to give a sworn perjury. It is said that this perjury, the gods angry: (In a speech to the gods of a dog, to which he may well have sworn? If it is not an oath to the gods was!)

According to another tradition, he has a secret not for itself, Tantalus. Sagten we do not have anything before, Tantalus was a mortal man! The best known "guilt" is his fraud of the gods, and what a fraud! A little before have we talked to Tana Talos with the gods sat at the table. As usual, he has the gods guest and hosts them in his magnificent palace. An nothing he lets them missing. He exaggerates even his host role. It is as if he and his excessive hospitality to say the following: Well, ye gods, but I am a human being. But see, although I am only a mortal, see what I can do will create. Look at my wealth, my power to see on the table, I have prepared you gods!

Because he thinks so, or believes that he thinks so, but he was very happy ponds in the process of Tantalus. But he can not observe his sadness, he tries to the delight of Göttter participate. As it should be happy, that day he has the life of his son Pelops sacrificed. From the meat of Pelops is the court of meat cooked meal. On the table are applied courses. And finally, the servants bring the meat dish. Since the unexpected happens. The gods ekeln, as the meat dish. In their faces stet the horror. From the middle reaches only the goddess of nature, Demeter, according to the flesh, takes a piece and eat. But the other gods at the table it does not stir once. Because they have recognized it from the meat of Pelops, son of Tantalus and grandchildren of Zeus, prepares.

The wrath of the gods is great. They accuse Tantalus into the depths of Hades. The magnificent king suffers in the depths of Hades its terrible punishment and died there. Thus, the gods "Tantalosqualen" all of us in the heart. The eternal thirst and the never-ending agony of Tantalus could only Orpheus with his songs alleviate. Homer describes the torture of Tantalus in Hades as follows: The Tana Talos I saw that he was suffering terrible torture. He stood upright in the middle of a lake, It rose and rose water, up to his chin But because he wanted to do a trunk, Could not he drops erriechen, the old water bent, Beugte and bent down and the water and most important, Verschwand as well as in the soil and A mud appeared at his feet, Pitch Black. At that hour a God dried the lake. The fruit hung in front of his head, in front of him from the tree branches, Pears, pomegranates, shiny apples, figs honigsüße, Feiste olive hung down, But hardly stretched the old hands to pick the fruit, Kam on a wind, scattered between the black clouds.

We must not forget that the geopferte and slaughtered man, whose meat was cooked, the grandson of Zeus. Zeus but will not, that his grandson Pelops simply disappear. He gathers the pieces of the corpse of Pelops. He adds the aufgesammelten pieces together. He sees, however, that a piece of a shoulder missing. This had shoulder Demeter, without knowing it, eaten. But also know the high god Zeus relief. Instead of missing shoulder he makes a shoulder ivory. And he breathes new life to Pelops. Maybe Zeus was such ancestor of our days advanced Protesenmacherhandwerkes. Let us again Tantalus.

Why Tantalus played this dangerous game that his son's life cost? This question never wanted to authors from the head. Some authors argue that it never had such zugetragen: "This story replaces truth lies, Would the holy gods most people eat meat? " It is not easy for a mortal been on the table of the gods to sit. It mus provocative, provocative been unbearable. And so depressing. The mortal man has always felt that it was a secret power ... And the gods? They came, sat down at the table of the Tantalus, ate, drank, and after a while they are as people had, they went back uf its Olympus, and lived again their gods existence. But Tantalus against: The gods eat what they want, drink what they want, entertain their friends, but he himself is a man, a mortal ... The gods would have it must know the Tantalus that would not tolerate ... Tantalus was a mortal. But he brought a curse on himself and his gender. And then came what was the penalty, he should suffer.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION -MANISA

The classical mythology that was the king Tantalus lydische simultaneously son of the god Zeus. Eininge authors call Tantalus phrygischen also known as the king. There are several reasons for this uncertainty. The first reason is that the boundaries blurred in antiquity. One other reason is, however fact that the ancient authors and the area north Phrygiens Phrygia Epiktetos / Hellapontus, the southern area, however Großphrygien and call it as in keeping with Lydia. The same confusion reigns even when Strabo and this author says at one point of his book: "So it is with the land around the mountain Sipylos that they Phrygia. It is not certain whether this country, in which at the time of Phryger Tantalus, Pelops and Niobe lived, now Großphrygien or Kleinphrygien. Strabo Sun expressed doubts and to a later point, he claimed that this confusion by the disagreement among historians herrühre and was deepened and he writes: "The Historian do not say the same thing on the same subject. For example, the poets read at the tragedies Phrygier the Trojans, the Lydier however Karyaner and the same confusion, they also with the other peoples. "Although Strabo for Phrygia wide borders characterized in this way can he Magnesia ad Sipylum outside. As we Bilge Umar learn from, the Phrygier never been so far down to the sea and they were responsible for in this area does not allow continued sovereignty. Phrygier As the oldest Anatolian folk were the Hellenes and hnen the Romans knew, they think as many others, the Tantalus Phrygiern added.

The myth of Tantalus had a daughter named Niobe and a son named Pelops. All three have important functions in the mythology. The ancient Author Aeschylus writes in his work entitled Niobe, Tantalus on the Ida for a major temple of Zeus erichtet. Strabo is of the opinion that this Aeschylus things that have nothing to do with each other, confused.

In the legends to the first two we will be the wrath of the Greek gods in the Anatolier. The third bring the gods prevent more understanding, but his sons and grandchildren take back their hatred.